アメリカ1970年労働安全衛生法
Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970
国際安全衛生センター仮訳

第10条：執行手続き

10. Procedures for Enforcement

(a)　検査又は調査の後、長官が第9条(a)に基づく警告書を与えた場合、長官は検査又は調査の終了から妥当な期間の後に、書留郵便で事業者に第17条に基づいて課せられる予定の罰則を通告し、それに事業者は15営業日以内に長官に対して、自分は警告書又は予定の罰則に異議を申し立てたい旨を通告できることを記載するものとする。長官が与えた通告の受理から15日以内に事業者が警告書又は予定の罰則に異議を申し立てる意向であることを通告しなかった場合、及びかかる期限内に事業者又は事業者の代表者から(c)項に基づく通告も行われなかった場合、警告書及び罰則の適用は委員会の最終的命令となり、いかなる裁判所又は政府機関の審査も行われないものとする。

(a) If, after an inspection or investigation, the Secretary issues a citation under section 9(a), he shall, within a reasonable time after the termination of such inspection or investigation, notify the employer by certified mail of the penalty, if any, proposed to be assessed under section 17 and that the employer has fifteen working days within which to notify the Secretary that he wishes to contest the citation or proposed assessment of penalty. If, within fifteen working days from the receipt of the notice issued by the Secretary the employer fails to notify the Secretary that he intends to contest the citation or proposed assessment of penalty, and no notice is filed by any employees or representative of employees under subsection (c) within such time, the citation and the assessment, as proposed, shall be deemed a final order of the Commission and not subject to review by any court or agency.

(b)もし事業者が警告書が発せられた違反を、所定の期間（この期間は事業者が誠意をもって、罰則の延期や回避のみを目的とせずに、本条に基づく審査請求手続きを開始した場合、審査委員会による最終的命令の交付まで、開始されないものとする。）内に是正できなかったと信じる理由がある場合、長官は事業者に是正不履行を書留郵便で通知し、かかる不履行に対する第17条に基づく罰則適用の予定を通告し、合わせて事業者は15営業日以内に長官に対して、通告書又は予定の罰則に異議を申し立てたい旨を通告できることを記載するものとする。長官の通知書を受理してから15日以内に事業者が通告書又は予定の罰則に異議を申し立てる旨を通告しなかった場合、通告及び罰則は委員会の最終的命令と見なされ、裁判所又は政府機関の審査は行われないものとする。

(b) If the Secretary has reason to believe that an employer has failed to correct a violation for which a citation has been issued within the period permitted for its correction (which period shall not begin to run until the entry of a final order by the Commission in the case of any review proceedings under this section initiated by the employer in good faith and not solely for delay or avoidance of penalties), the Secretary shall notify the employer by certified mail of such failure and of the penalty proposed to be assessed under section 17 by reason of such failure, and that the employer has fifteen working days within which to notify the Secretary that he wishes to contest the Secretary's notification or the proposed assessment of penalty. If, within fifteen working days from the receipt of notification issued by the Secretary, the employer fails to notify the Secretary that he intends to contest the notification or proposed assessment of penalty, the notification and assessment, as proposed, shall be deemed a final order of the Commission and not subject to review by any court or agency.

(c)　もし事業者が第9条(a)に基づいて交付された警告書又は本条(a)又は(b)項の警告書に異議を申し立てる旨を通告した場合、又は第9条(a)に基づく警告書の交付から15日以内に、労働者又はその代表者が長官に、違反是正のための警告書記載の期間は合理的ではないとの通知書を送った場合、長官は直ちにその件を審査委員会に通報し、同委員会は審問の機会を与えるものとする（アメリカ合衆国法典第5巻第554節に従って。ただし本条(a)(3)項には関わりなく）。審査委員会はその後、事実に基づいて長官の警告書又は予定の罰則を確認、修正、又は停止する、又はその他の救済を指示する命令を下し、この命令は交付から30日後に確定するものとする。事業者が警告書の是正要件を履行しようとする誠意ある姿勢を示したにもかかわらず、同人の妥当な支配を超える理由でその是正措置が完了できなかった場合、長官は本項に基づく審問の後、警告書の是正要件を確認又は修正する命令を下すものとする。審査委員会によって規定された手続きは、影響を受ける労働者又はそれらの代表者に当事者として、本項に基づく審問に参加する機会を与えるものとする。

(c) If an employer notifies the Secretary that he intends to contest a citation issued under section 9(a) or notification issued under subsection (a) or (b) of this section, or if, within fifteen working days of the issuance of a citation under section 9(a), any employee or representative of employees files a notice with the Secretary alleging that the period of time fixed in the citation for the abatement of the violation is unreasonable, the Secretary shall immediately advise the Commission of such notification, and the Commission shall afford an opportunity for a hearing (in accordance with section 554 of title 5, United States Code, but without regard to subsection (a)(3) of such section). The Commission shall thereafter issue an order, based on findings of fact, affirming, modifying, or vacating the Secretary's citation or proposed penalty, or directing other appropriate relief, and such order shall become final thirty days after its issuance. Upon a showing by an employer of a good faith effort to comply with the abatement requirements of a citation, and that abatement has not been completed because of factors beyond his reasonable control, the Secretary, after an opportunity for a hearing as provided in this subsection, shall issue an order affirming or modifying the abatement requirements in such citation. The rules of procedure prescribed by the Commission shall provide affected employees or representatives of affected employees an opportunity to participate as parties to hearings under this subsection.